{"id":3532,"date":"2019-10-18T10:15:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-18T14:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/?page_id=3532"},"modified":"2020-10-27T22:15:30","modified_gmt":"2020-10-28T02:15:30","slug":"professional-citation-documentation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"#","title":{"rendered":"Research Integration, Citation, &#038; Documentation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"stickmenu-fade\">\n<div style=\"padding: 5px 0 20px; font-size: 102%;\">\n<div style=\"padding-bottom: 2px; border-bottom: 2px solid #fff;\"><a href=\"#professional-research-goals\">professional research goals<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#pro-citation-documentation\">workplace citation and documentation<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#definitions\">definitions<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#what-needs-citation\">what needs cited &amp; documented<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 3px 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #fff;\"><a href=\"#quote-paraphrase-summary\">quotation, paraphrase, summary<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#parenthetical-v-natural\">parenthetical vs. natural language citation<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#footnotes\">using footnotes<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#references\">lists of references<\/a>\u2002\u25cf\u2002<a href=\"#image\">image citation &amp; documentation<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom:15px; background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(245,245,245,1) 0%,rgba(245,245,245,0) 100%);\">see also <a style=\"font-size: 100%;\" href=\"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/notes\/online\/if-you-must-quote\/\">Do You Really Need Quotation?<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 7em 3em 1em;\"><span id=\"professional-research-goals\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0;\"><a href=\"#\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u2305<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3>Professional Research Goals (for Citation &amp; Documentation)<\/h3>\n<div class=\"defright\" style=\"margin-top: 20px; width: 520px; padding: 1px 4px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #707070; font-size: 175%; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: 0.05em; margin: 10px 5px 1px; padding: 2px 5px 10px; text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #c0c0c0;\">Goals of Pro Citation &amp; Documentation<\/div>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; width: 100%; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 125%;\" cellspacing=\"7\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 2px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\">ethicality<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 2px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\">clarity<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 2px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\">consistency<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 2px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\">transparency<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 4px 15px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<div>readability<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 86%; line-height: 1.35em; font-weight: 300; padding-top: 4px;\">write and format your text, citations, and documentation in a way that&#8217;s least intrusive to the text<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; padding: 12px 2px 15px; background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: none; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px #EDFAFC,inset 0 0 20px #EDFAFC;\" colspan=\"2\">\n<div>usability<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 86%; line-height: 1.35em; font-weight: 300; padding-top: 4px;\">write and format your text, citations, and documentation so readers to find the sources themselves<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Most research is problematic.<\/p>\n<p>It can be intentionally or unintentionally biased. It can come from an interested source with stakes in the information. It can be incomplete. It can fail to be representative of some larger group. It can be specific to a time, location, type, or some other subset. It can be presented in dissimilar, incomparable, or unequal units.<\/p>\n<p>When research is problematic, the problem should be made clear to your reader. Problems of bias, sourcing, representation, completeness, limitation, and measurement should be faithfully communicated to the reader rather than hidden or otherwise obscured.<\/p>\n<p>In research and writing, we use &#8220;credibility&#8221; to mean whether or not something is accurate, whether or not it can be believed or trusted\u2014but that&#8217;s an incomplete picture of what credibility is. Credibility can rarely be assessed in binary oppositions\u2014it&#8217;s rarely either accurate or inaccurate, correct or incorrect, credible or unsound, truthful or dishonest. Usually, it&#8217;s somewhere in the middle. While we should aim for the credible, accurate, and truthful side of the spectrum, research that falls short shouldn&#8217;t be discounted. Instead, it should be evaluated for what it is and explained or noted in context.<\/p>\n<p>For our purposes (and many professional purposes), credibility is trustworthiness in a particular context. Being credible means representing research as what it is, which demands understanding the rhetorical situation and representing that rhetorical situation in good faith.<\/p>\n<p>Above all else, be ethical about where your information comes from.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 6px;\">If your information comes from a &#8220;biased&#8221; source, be clear about that bias.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 6px;\">If your information incomplete, limited, or dissimilar, be clear about those problems.<\/li>\n<li>In situations where you have to evaluate, combine, and\/or quantify incomparable, unparallel, incomplete, or inexact &#8220;data,&#8221; just be forthcoming and clear about what you&#8217;re doing and how you&#8217;re doing it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"pro-citation-documentation\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3>Workplace Citation and Documentation<\/h3>\n<div class=\"pg-qte\" style=\"margin-top: 25px; margin-right: 30px; padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.25em;\">&#8230;ask your employer how he or she wants information to be documented. Sometimes, in the world of work, employers prefer all information to be documented in footnotes or cited parenthetically in the text.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pg-qte-cite\">Kolin, Philip C. <em>Successful Writing at Work<\/em>, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 9th ed. 2010. p. 561.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pg-qte\" style=\"margin-top: 25px; margin-right: 30px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding-left: 25px;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.25em;\">Ordinarily you won\u2019t need to use the complex system required for documentation in college research papers. However, you will still need to identify the sources of quotations, facts, and someone else\u2019s original ideas. Crediting outside sources is more than a matter of honesty; it also:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lends authority to your assertions<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrates your thoroughness and knowledge<\/li>\n<li>Allows your reader to pursue the subject further<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"pg-qte-cite\">Wienbroer, Diana, Elaine Hughes, and Jay Silverman <em>Rules of Thumb for Business Writers<\/em>, McGraw Hill Professional, 2nd ed. 2005. p. 107.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In many careers (nonacademic, not research focused), you will not be expected to conform to any particular citation\/documentation style (such as APA, Chicago, IEEE, AP, etc.). But, that doesn&#8217;t mean citation and documentation are unimportant! You must (MUST) give credit (or blame) to the sources from which you gathered your information.<\/p>\n<p>If your company or organization uses a particular style guide, then you&#8217;ll need to use that guide. If not, instead of adhering to a particular style guide, aim for ethicality, clarity, consistency, transparency, readability, and usability.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"definitions\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-bottom: 0;\">Definitions<\/h3>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; width: 100%; font-weight: 300; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;\" cellspacing=\"15\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 10px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 150%; text-align: center; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0,96,100,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #B0DFE5; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FAFF\">citation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FAFF\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 120%; border-bottom: 2px solid #B0DFE5; color: #006064; margin-bottom: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px;\">acknowledgment of a source in the body of a text or within a graphic representation of data<\/div>\n<div>Citation can be included in the text of a sentence, in parentheses within or after text or data, or with superscript notations (usually numbers) that refer to footnotes or endnotes.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; font-size: 150%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0,77,64,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #B0D6D2; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FBFD\">documentation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FBFD\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 120%; border-bottom: 2px solid #B0D6D2; color: #004d40; margin-bottom: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px;\">providing bibliographic information that allows a reader to locate your source and specific text or data used<\/div>\n<div>Documentation is often provided in a bibliography, works cited, or list of references (depending on style) at the end of the text or included as a section of a multi-part text.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; font-size: 150%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(27,94,32,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #C3DBC4; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F0F9F8\">references<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F0F9F8\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 120%; border-bottom: 2px solid #C3DBC4; color: #1b5e20; margin-bottom: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px;\">individual entries in bibliography, works cited, or list of references<\/div>\n<div>Entries should be parallel (to each other) in structure and provide enough information to give credit and allow readers to find the specific source material used.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"what-needs-citation\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-bottom: 0.7em;\">What Needs Citation and Documentation?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 5px;\"><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">quotation<\/span>; when you reproduce a phrase, sentence, or sentences from a source word for word; you must indicate a direct quotation with quotation marks<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 5px;\"><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">paraphrase<\/span>; when you put an idea or passage from a source into your own words; paraphrase is usually more concise than in the original<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 5px;\"><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">summary<\/span>; when you put a source\u2019s main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s)<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">facts or statistics<\/span>; when you include facts or statistics (numerical or otherwise) gathered from a source<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">What Does Not Need to Be Cited?:<\/span> You do not need to cite your sources if you are writing your own words, ideas, or original research. You do not need to cite information that is considered common knowledge, such as facts found in many sources (e.g., George Washington became the nation\u2019s first president in 1789), or easily observable phenomenon (e.g., most college students use smart phones).<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">When in Doubt:<\/span> When you\u2019re not sure about whether to cite something, err on the side of caution. It\u2019s always better to over-cite or unnecessarily cite than to risk being unethical (and risk plagiarism).<\/p>\n<p>Read <a class=\"hglt\" href=\"https:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/pr\/pub\/integrity\/pages\/cite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cWhen to Cite Sources\u201d<\/a> and <a class=\"hglt\" href=\"https:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/pr\/pub\/integrity\/pages\/notcommon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cNot-So-Common Knowledge\u201d<\/a> from \u201cAcademic Integrity at Princeton.\u201d<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin-top: -1em; margin-bottom: 1em;\"><span id=\"quote-paraphrase-summary\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#top\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3>Quotation, Paraphrase, Summary<\/h3>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; width: 100%; font-weight: 300; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;\" cellspacing=\"15\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 0 0 0 30px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 160%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #8231B4; letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-align: left;\" colspan=\"2\">QUOTATION<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 110%; text-align: center; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(74,20,140,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #D7BADC; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F9F2FA\">\n<div>when to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">quote<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F9F2FA\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">When you\u2019re going to discuss the author\u2019s choice of words; when the wording is particularly memorable, vivid, or interesting; when you cannot paraphrase or summarize.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; font-size: 110%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(49,27,146,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #CABFDE; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F6F3FB\">\n<div>how to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">quote<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F6F3FB\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">Quotations must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; width: 100%; font-weight: 300; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\" cellspacing=\"15\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 0 0 0 20px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 160%; text-align: left; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #02B3E4; letter-spacing: 0.1em;\" colspan=\"2\">PARAPHRASE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 110%; text-align: center; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(1,87,155,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #B1DAED; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FAFF\">\n<div>when to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">paraphrase<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FAFF\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">When you want to use the details but the original language itself is not particularly striking or important to the point you want to make.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; font-size: 110%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0,96,100,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #B0DFE5; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FBFD\">\n<div>how to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">paraphrase<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F0FBFD\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words, usually condensing it. Paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: separate; width: 100%; font-weight: 300; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\" cellspacing=\"15\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 0 0 0 35px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 160%; text-align: left; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #6CB94D; letter-spacing: 0.1em;\" colspan=\"2\">SUMMARY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: medium none; font-size: 110%; text-align: center; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(27,94,32,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #C3DBC4; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F4FAF4\">\n<div>when to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">summarize<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F4FAF4\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">When you want to discuss the source as a whole, distilling its main idea, central point(s), or main focus(es).<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 175px; padding: 3px 10px 10px; border-bottom: none; text-align: center; font-size: 110%; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(51,105,30,0.5), 2px 2px 2px #D3E1C3; letter-spacing: 0.05em;\" bgcolor=\"#F8FCF4\">\n<div>how to<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 130%;\">summarize<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 20px; border-bottom: none; text-align: left;\" bgcolor=\"#F8FCF4\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 110%;\">Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s) or broadly describing the argument. Summarized ideas must be attributed to the original source.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"parenthetical-v-natural\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3>Parenthetical Citation vs. Natural Language Citation<\/h3>\n<div>Where appropriate, consider using natural language instead of parenthetical citation to give credit to your sources. For example, instead of using a parenthetical citation such as:<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">parenthetical citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">Florida has more licensed real estate agents than any other state in the country. With 26,000 active licenses in 2012, Florida has as many agents as California and New York combined (<em>Bureau of Labor Statistics<\/em>).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>Use natural language by including the author or organization in a signal phrase. For example:<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">natural language citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">According to the <em>Bureau of Labor Statistics<\/em>, Florida has more licensed real estate agents than any other state in the country. With 26,000 active licences in 2012, Florida has as many agents as California and New York combined.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>More Examples of Parenthetical and Natural Language Citations<\/h4>\n<div style=\"margin: 0 0 20px 5px; padding: 5px 0 1px; background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(245,245,245,1) 0%,rgba(250,250,250,0.97) 5%,rgba(250,250,250,0.48) 87%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);\">\n<div style=\"margin-left: 15px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">parenthetical citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">Real estate agents&#8217; commissions\u2014and a major percentage of their pay\u2014are subject to the whims of the market. During the market downturn between 2010 and 2014, Florida real estate agents gross pay decreased by an average of 14% (Smith).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 15px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">natural language citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">Real estate agents&#8217; commissions\u2014and a major percentage of their pay\u2014are subject to the whims of the market. According to Sarah Smith, statistician at the Realtors&#8217; Association, during the market downturn between 2010 and 2014, Florida real estate agents gross pay decreased by an average of 14%.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0 0 20px 5px; padding: 5px 0 1px; background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(245,245,245,1) 0%,rgba(250,250,250,0.97) 5%,rgba(250,250,250,0.48) 87%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);\">\n<div style=\"margin-left: 15px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">parenthetical citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">Broadly, teachers often suffer &#8216;mid-career malaise&#8217; due to compensation issues, increasing testing requirements, and the perception of apathy from their communities (National Council of Teachers of English).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 15px;\">\n<div class=\"acc-shad\" style=\"margin: 6px 0 10px; font-weight: 400;\">natural language citation:<\/div>\n<div class=\"pgqtnew\">The National Council of Teachers of English suggests teachers often suffer &#8216;mid-career malaise&#8217; due to compensation issues, increasing testing requirements, and the perception of apathy from their communities.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"footnotes\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"rev\" style=\"margin-top: 1em;\">Using Footnotes<\/h3>\n<p>Using footnotes as citation can replace parenthetical or natural language citations in the body of your text.* Depending on the formality, purpose, and audience of the document, footnotes can be preferable because they&#8217;re the least intrusive form of citation. In other words, instead of interrupting ideas, sentences, or the &#8220;flow&#8221; of the text with a parenthetical citation, a footnote allows the least disruption to the text.<\/p>\n<p>According to the Purdue Online Writing Lab, when using footnotes: &#8220;insert a number formatted in superscript following almost any punctuation mark. Footnote numbers should not follow dashes ( \u2014 ), and if they appear in a sentence in parentheses, the footnote number should be inserted within the parentheses.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Above all else, aim for ethical, transparent citation and documentation (even if that requires you to put a superscript number in the middle of a sentence).<\/p>\n<div style=\"width:93%; margin:10px auto 30px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255,253,231,0.5) 0%,rgba(255,253,231,0.5) 50%,rgba(240,251,253,0.5) 100%); padding:15px 15px 15px 25px; border-radius:7px; box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px #bdbdbd, 4px 4px 10px #e0e0e0; font-weight:300;\">\n<div style=\" text-indent:-8px;\">*&hairsp;Sometimes\u2014depending on the document (the content, purpose, and audience) and the source\/author\u2014I use both a natural language citation and a footnote to make it easier for readers to locate corresponding documentation (the bibliographic information that would allow them to find the source themselves).<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top:15px;\">If the source\u2014the author or publication\u2014is important, notable, well-known or well-respected, I will use natural language citation to draw attention to the source and elevate my credibility as a writer and the credibility of my document. Similarly, if I need to draw attention to a flawed source, I&#8217;ll use natural language citation and include some indication of the source&#8217;s &#8220;issue&#8221; as a means to be as clear and transparent as possible.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"quotelead\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0;\">&#8220;Footnotes&#8221; according to <em>Rules of Thumb for Business Writers<\/em><\/h4>\n<div class=\"pg-qte\" style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding-left: 30px; font-size: 104%; line-height: 1.45em;\">\n<p>You can use footnotes either for detailed identification of a source or for supplementary information. Footnotes are the least intrusive method of referring to sources, and word-processing programs make the formatting relatively easy.<\/p>\n<p>You may use a footnote at the end of your report to refer to a single source you have used throughout. For multiple sources or for specific page identification of quotations or illustrations, use a series of footnotes (at the bottom of each page requiring a source identification) or endnotes (in a separate section at the end, labeled Endnotes, in regular font, without quotation marks). With footnotes or endnotes, begin with the number 1 and use a new number each time you cite a source. For each subsequent use of the same source, use the author\u2019s last name and the page number.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.75em;\">To identify a source, include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 8px;\">Author (first name first)\u2014if no author is listed, put the organization that created the document.<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 8px;\">Title (for an article, include the title of the article, in quotation marks, and the title of the publication, italicized).<\/li>\n<li>Additional information, depending on the type of source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 15px;\">\n<div style=\"margin-left: 90px; padding-bottom: 4px;\">~ For a book, the city of publication, publisher, and date<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 130px; font-family: 'Roboto'; font-size: 98%; padding-bottom: 4px;\">1. James Surowiecki, <em>The Wisdom of Crowds<\/em> (New York: Random House, 2004), 222.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 130px; font-family: 'Roboto'; font-size: 98%; padding-bottom: 4px;\">2. Surowiecki, 190.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 90px; padding-bottom: 4px;\">~ For an article, the date (and pages if you wish)<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 130px; font-family: 'Roboto'; font-size: 98%; padding-bottom: 4px;\">3. James Fallows, &#8220;Personal File: Organize Your Life!&#8221; <em>Atlantic Monthly<\/em> (July-August, 2004), 173.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 90px; padding-bottom: 4px;\">~ For a website, the date of last update (if available, otherwise, the date you viewed it) and the complete address<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 130px; font-family: 'Roboto'; font-size: 98%; padding-bottom: 4px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">4. National Association of Town Watch. &#8220;National Night Out,&#8221; September 12, 2004. ttp:\/\/www.nationalnightout.net\/.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pg-qte-cite\" style=\"margin-bottom: 6px;\">Wienbroer, Diana, Elaine Hughes, and Jay Silverman <em>Rules of Thumb for Business Writers<\/em>, McGraw Hill Professional, 2nd ed. 2005. p. 108-109.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"none\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 30px;\">An Example<\/h4>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #e0eced 0%,#ffffff 100%); font-weight: 300; font-size: 120%; padding: 4px 10px 10px; color: #216369; letter-spacing: 0.02em; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center;\"><span class=\"menuhglt\">hover for annotations<\/span><\/div>\n<figure class=\"swap-on-hover\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swap-on-hover__front-image\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/10\/new-footnotes-example-885_1152-3.png\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swap-on-hover__back-image\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/10\/new-footnotes-example-885_1152-annotated-2.png\" \/><\/figure>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"references\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 2em;\">List of References <span style=\"font-size: 90%; letter-spacing: 0.0125em;\">(&amp; Bibliographies, Works Cited, and Works Consulted)<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"quotelead\" style=\"margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 30px;\">What&#8217;s the Difference?<\/h4>\n<p>How the list of sources\/works is titled depends on a few factors:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 7px;\">the style manual the author is using\/following (if any),<\/li>\n<li style=\"padding-bottom: 7px;\">The type, length, and\/or genre of the text, and<\/li>\n<li>whether the sources are cited in the author&#8217;s text or simply &#8220;consulted.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\">MLA:<\/span> The MLA uses parenthetical author-page number for in n-text citations. Although past editions have slightly different recommendations, the 8th edition of the <em>MLA Handbook<\/em> recommends only a list of &#8220;Works Cited&#8221; that includes works that are drawn from (and cited) in the body of the text, listed alphabetically by author&#8217;s last name (or first available information). <a class=\"darklink\" href=\"https:\/\/style.mla.org\/bibliography-references\/\">[\u2009What is the difference&#8230;?\u2009]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\">Chicago:<\/span> <em>The Chicago Manual of Style<\/em> recommends a \u201cBibliography\u201d that includes both works cited and works consulted, listed alphabetically by author&#8217;s last name (or first available information). <a class=\"darklink\" href=\" https:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/book\/ed17\/part3\/ch14\/psec062.html\">[\u200914.62: Format and Placement of Bibliography\u2009]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\">IEEE:<\/span> The IEEE uses numerals in square brackets for in-text citations. At the end of the text, the &#8220;List of References&#8221; or &#8220;Reference List&#8221; should be list sources and bibliographic information sequentially (using the same numeral as the citation)\u2014not alphabetically. <a class=\"darklink\" href=\"https:\/\/ieee-dataport.org\/sites\/default\/files\/analysis\/27\/IEEE%20Citation%20Guidelines.pdf\">[\u2009List of References\u2009]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"acc-shad\">APA:<\/span> The APA uses parenthetical author-date for in-text citations, and suggests &#8220;References&#8221; at the end of the text with each entry listed in alphabetical order. <a class=\"darklink\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/research_and_citation\/apa_style\/apa_formatting_and_style_guide\/apa_sample_paper.html\">[\u2009Purdue Owl: APA Style\u2009]<\/a><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"quotelead\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 30px;\">&#8220;List of References Consulted&#8221; according to <em>Rules of Thumb for Business Writers<\/em><\/h4>\n<div class=\"pg-qte\" style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding-left: 30px; margin-right: 40px; font-size: 104%; line-height: 1.45em;\">\n<div style=\"width: 40%; font-size: 94%; float: right; margin-left: 20px; background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px #e0e0e0; padding: 24px 24px 12px; font-family: 'Roboto'; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Bibliography<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Fallows, James. &#8220;Personal File: Organize Your Life!&#8221; <em>Atlantic Monthly<\/em> (July-August, 2004), 171\u201376.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Gilhooley, Mary Jane. &#8220;Plants in the Workplace Have Been Proven to Improve Employee Productivity and Reduce Stress.&#8221; IAQ News [<em>Indoor Air Quality News<\/em>], March 12, 2003. http:\/\/www.iuoe.org\/cm\/iaq_greenbuild.asp?Item=447\/.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">National Association of Town Watch. \u201cNational Night Out.\u201d September 12, 2004. http:\/\/www.nationalnightout.net\/.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Surowiecki, James. <em>The Wisdom of Crowds<\/em>. New York: Random House, 2004.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-indent: -30px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Zimmerman, Eilene. &#8220;Before Applying, Check Out the Blogs.&#8221; <em>New York Times<\/em>, November 3, 2004.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Using in-text references or footnotes should be sufficient to acknowledge sources in most business writing. However, on occasion, you may need or want to provide a list\u2014labeled &#8220;Bibliography,&#8221; &#8220;References,&#8221; &#8220;Recommended Reading,&#8221; &#8220;Works Cited,&#8221; or &#8220;Works Consulted&#8221;\u2014at the end of a report. Depending on how you label it, this list can be used to acknowledge background research or the sources you have cited, or to give suggestions for further reading on the topic.<\/p>\n<p>Use the same format as for footnotes. Do not number the list. Instead, put authors\u2019 last names first and make one alphabetical list. For each entry, indent the second and additional lines.<\/p>\n<p>Note: This chapter presents a simplified version of the documentation styles recommended by the American Psychological Association, the <em>Chicago Manual of Style<\/em>, the Council of Biology Editors, and the Modern Language Association.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pg-qte-cite\" style=\"margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 120px;\">Wienbroer, Diana, Elaine Hughes, and Jay Silverman <em>Rules of Thumb for Business Writers<\/em>, McGraw Hill Professional, 2nd ed. 2005. p. 109-110.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em;\"><span id=\"image\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 2em;\">Image Citation &amp; Documentation<\/h3>\n<div style=\"background-color: #c5cae9; border-radius: 50%; width: 130px; height: 130px; float: left; margin-right: 15px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3681 size-full\" style=\"padding-top: 15px;\" src=\"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/4930\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2017\/10\/ip-symbol-copyright-bg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 200%; border-bottom: 3px solid #C5CAE9; padding-bottom: 11px; margin-bottom: 0; padding-top: 1px; text-shadow: 2px 2px #C5CAE9; margin-top: 33px; margin-left: 20px; letter-spacing: 0.075em;\">COPYRIGHT<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, #ffffff 0%,#ffffff 2%,#c5cae9 3%,#c5cae9 100%); margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 4px 3px 6px; font-weight: 500; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 110%; margin-left: 30px; color: #ffffff; letter-spacing: 0.09em; text-shadow: 0 0 4px #553f7d, 0 0 1px #553f7d;\">protects creative expressions of an idea through any medium of artistic\/creative expression<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 145px;\">\n<p>A form of protection provided by the laws of the United States for &#8220;original works of authorship&#8221;, including literary, dramatic, musical, architectural, cartographic, choreographic, pantomimic, pictorial, graphic, sculptural, and audiovisual creations.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #d1c4e9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #b39ddb; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">What is copyright?<\/div>\n<p>Copyright is a form of protection grounded in the U.S. Constitution and granted by law for original works of authorship fixed in a tangible medium of expression. Copyright covers both published and unpublished works.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #d1c4e9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #b39ddb; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">What does copyright protect?<\/div>\n<p>Copyright, a form of intellectual property law, protects original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, such as poetry, novels, movies, songs, computer software, and architecture. Copyright does not protect facts, ideas, systems, or methods of operation, although it may protect the way these things are expressed.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #d1c4e9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #b39ddb; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">When is my work protected?<\/div>\n<p>Your work is under copyright protection the moment it is created and fixed in a tangible form that it is perceptible either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #c8e6c9; border-radius: 50%; width: 130px; height: 130px; float: left; margin-right: 15px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3699 size-full\" style=\"padding-top: 15px;\" src=\"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/4930\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2017\/10\/ip-symbol-fairuse-bg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 200%; border-bottom: 3px solid #C8E6C9; padding-bottom: 11px; margin-bottom: 0; padding-top: 1px; text-shadow: 2px 2px #C8E6C9; margin-top: 33px; margin-left: 20px; letter-spacing: 0.075em;\">FAIR USE<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, #ffffff 0%,#ffffff 2%,#C8E6C9 3%,#C8E6C9 100%); margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 4px 3px 6px; font-weight: 500; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 110%; margin-left: 30px; color: #ffffff; letter-spacing: 0.09em; text-shadow: 0 0 4px #5c7a5e, 0 0 1px #5c7a5e;\">allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the rights holders<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 145px;\">\n<p>Fair use is a legal doctrine that permits limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the rights holders. It is one type of limitation and exception to the exclusive rights copyright law grants to the author of a creative work. Examples of fair use in United States copyright law include commentary, search engines, criticism, parody, news reporting, research, teaching, library archiving and scholarship. It provides for the legal, unlicensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author&#8217;s work under a four-factor balancing test.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #C8E6C9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #8cb88c; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">Purpose and character of the use<\/div>\n<p>Whether use is commercial or for nonprofit educational purposes; To justify fair use, must demonstrate how use either advances knowledge or the arts through the addition of something new, analysis, criticism, etc.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #C8E6C9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #8cb88c; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercasem;\">Nature of the copyrighted work<\/div>\n<p>Considerations include factors such as the purpose (e.g. information or entertainment), genre (e.g. unpublished novel, personal correspondence, or film), and probable audience (e.g. wide readership or private audience).<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #C8E6C9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #8cb88c; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">Amount and substantiality<\/div>\n<p>Considerations include the quantity, \u201cquality,\u201d and importance of the portion of the work to the whole.<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-family: 'Roboto Slab'; font-size: 125%; font-weight: 300; border-bottom: 1px solid #C8E6C9; padding-bottom: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #8cb88c; letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;\">Effect upon work&#8217;s market value<\/div>\n<p>When fair use is in question, a copyright owner must demonstrate negative impact on the potential market for the work.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"image-example\" style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 30px;\">An Example<\/h4>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #e0eced 0%,#ffffff 100%); font-weight: 300; font-size: 120%; padding: 4px 10px 10px; color: #216369; letter-spacing: 0.02em; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center;\"><span class=\"menuhglt\">hover for annotations<\/span><\/div>\n<figure class=\"swap-on-hover2\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swap-on-hover2__front-image\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/3213-image-citation-footnotes-figure-numbers-blank.png\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swap-on-hover2__back-image\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/3213-image-citation-footnotes-figure-numbers-annotated-2.png\" \/><\/figure>\n<div style=\"display: block; text-align: right; margin: 1em 3em 1000px;\"><span id=\"none\" class=\"anchor\"> <\/span><span class=\"arrowtop\" style=\"font-size: 130%; opacity: 0.5;\"><a href=\"#\">\u2305<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>professional research goals\u2002\u25cf\u2002workplace citation and documentation\u2002\u25cf\u2002definitions\u2002\u25cf\u2002what needs cited &amp; documented quotation, paraphrase, summary\u2002\u25cf\u2002parenthetical vs. natural language citation\u2002\u25cf\u2002using footnotes\u2002\u25cf\u2002lists of references\u2002\u25cf\u2002image citation &amp; documentation see also Do You Really Need Quotation? \u2305 Professional Research Goals (for Citation &amp; Documentation) Goals of Pro Citation &amp; Documentation ethicality clarity consistency transparency readability write and format your text, citations, <a href='#' class='excerpt-more'>[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":205,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"no-sidebars.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3532"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3532"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3709,"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3532\/revisions\/3709"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/techrhet.com\/3213\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}